Editorial. Tolerancia a la anoxia y estrés en tortugas marinas

Resumen

La anoxia es una condición estresante que es extremadamente dañina para la mayoría de los mamíferos, en tanto lidera la supresión de actividad eléctrica en el córtex cerebral, silenciando los receptores ampa y nmda e inhibiendo las señales pos-sináptica y pre-sináptica de las neuronas, lo que conduce en pocos minutos a la muerte cerebral (Hochachka et al., 1996; Pérez-Pinzón et al., 1992). En contraste, vertebrados ectotérmicos están extremadamente bien adaptados para sobrevivir a las limitaciones de oxígeno (Hochachka & Lutz, 2001): por ejemplo, las tortugas dulceacuícolas, Trachemys y Crysemys, permanecen en el fondo de lagos o estanques durante el invierno por hasta dos semanas entre 16 y 18 °C y de 12 a 18 semanas a 3 °C (Krivoruchko & Storey, 2015). Los estudios realizados sobre esta condición en estas tortugas han identificado la expresión de genes que explican, en buena parte, esta adaptación (Keenan et al., 2015).  

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ciencias naturales

Citas

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