Tiempo y economía

Agricultura y servicios: los orígenes del seguro agrícola en Mendoza, Argentina (1919-1941)

2025-03-27T09:32:27-05:00

El trabajo reconstruye los orígenes del seguro agrícola en Mendoza, Argentina, entre finales de las décadas de 1910 y 1930. Se detectaron dos trayectos diferentes: un seguro agrícola estatal con dificultades en su implementación y, luego, la inserción del sector privado con aseguradoras de capitales extraregionales (que aportaban capital y expertise financiera) y locales (con una sólida red de vínculos con productores y empresarios, así como su conocimiento del entorno), las cuales también ofrecían créditos, complementando al mercado bancario. Estas experiencias se insertaron en un periodo caracterizado por la escasa regulación estatal en materia de servicios de seguros, pero sí de varios proyectos legislativos y debates. Asimismo, este estudio indaga la formación de una asociación específica, no estudiada hasta ahora, que corrobora la consolidación del sector. Para esta investigación se consultaron numerosas fuentes primarias (protocolos notariales, revistas, diarios, balances y estudios técnicos).

Adoption of Digital Competences in the Ghanaian Banking and Financial Sector for Employability and Competitive Advantage

2025-04-03T10:19:22-05:00

Digital competences are essential for the digital transformation of organisations. This study examines the digital competences that employees require in Ghana’s banking and financial sector to advance its digital transformation agenda. The qualitative research methodology used for this study engaged a focus group of human resource executives and recruiters. The research findings revealed that digitalizing banking operations and the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of digital competences. Organisations have adopted artificial intelligence for improved decision-making and enhanced customer experience. Most banking firms have implemented digital tools such as the Microsoft Office suite in their operations and expect their prospective entry-level employees to possess basic proficiency. Moreover, banking firms recognise that specialised digital competencies are essential for problem-solving and achieving a competitive advantage. The study recommends that businesses align with academia on digital competences education for undergraduates. Companies should invest in digital competences training of the employees according to their roles to be productive and adapt to emerging software. The research concludes that the foundational digital competencies possessed by job seekers enhance their employability with banking firms. Supervisors and senior management at banks are also expected to enhance their capacity for advanced digital competencies to maintain a competitive advantage. Furthermore, businesses should consider augmented intelligence to improve their competitive advantage. Future research should explore digital competences for employability and competitive advantage in various sectors, evaluate training methods to enhance digital competences and determine the effect of artificial intelligence on employee performance.

Orígenes de la hacienda pública venezolana: un recorrido por el siglo XVI

2025-07-30T11:17:12-05:00

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo general identificar los orígenes de la hacienda pública venezolana durante los primeros años del siglo xvi. Mediante elementos metodológicos propios de la investigación histórica y documental, sumado a la revisión literaria, se categorizaron las etapas, hombres y territorios que fueron testigos y protagonistas de la fundación de la Venezuela colonial y su Real Hacienda, desde el descubrimiento por Colón, hasta el establecimiento definitivo de la ciudad de Caracas como capital provincial. Al ser parte de una etapa histórica que comprendió más de 300 años, es pertinente actualizar y ampliar los análisis que permiten su conocimiento integral.

Interconnected Dynamics: The Role of ICT, Air Transport, Freshwater Resources, and Migration in Regional Economic Growth Across Central Europe and the Baltics, Europe and Central Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, the Middle East and North Africa, South Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa

2025-08-05T10:44:08-05:00

This study examines the complex relationships among information and communication technology (ICT), air transport, freshwater resources, economic growth, and migration patterns in different regions of the world from 2000 to 2022. Drawing on data from the World Bank, the study employs Jamovi software for descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression, complemented by ANOVA techniques to assess the significance of the differences across regions. Regions such as East Asia and the Pacific show robust economic benefits from high levels of ICT adoption and extensive air connectivity, which are positively correlated with GDP growth and trade in services. In contrast, regions such as Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia exhibit significantly lower levels of ICT adoption and air transport efficiency, contributing to the challenges in their economies and to their increasing out-migration rates. The study also reveals that increased Internet use is driving economic growth, while access to freshwater resources has emerged as a critical determinant of both economic health and migration strategies. Notably, the study finds that areas with better freshwater management policies are better positioned to mitigate migration pressures caused by economic instability. The implications of these findings underscore the need for policymakers to adopt a holistic approach that integrates ICT development, transportation infrastructure improvements, and sustainable water management to stimulate economic growth and mitigate migration pressures. Recommendations to policymakers include targeted investments in ICT and transport systems, as well as policies aimed at improving local economic opportunities. In addition, future research should explore the qualitative factors influencing these relationships and expand the geographic scope to better understand the dynamics at play. This study contributes to the existing literature on the subject by elucidating the interconnectedness of these critical factors and providing insights for effective regional development strategies.

Al bagazo poco caso y al carbón poca atención. El lugar marginal de la energía en la historia económica de Colombia

2025-08-15T09:38:13-05:00

La variable de la energía ha recibido escasa atención en la historiografía económica y ambiental de Colombia. A partir de una revisión de la literatura sobre el cambio estructural de la economía colombiana, ocurrido entre 1900 y 1975, este artículo examina el papel de la energía en estas explicaciones, así como las circunstancias internas y externas que impulsaron su estudio en la década de 1980. Además, se analiza el rol del transporte y el petróleo en la comprensión de las transiciones energéticas del país durante el siglo xx. El artículo también aborda los avances interpretativos, las necesidades investigativas y las oportunidades metodológicas para construir nuevas narrativas que integren la dimensión energética en el análisis histórico de la modernización económica del país, considerando, a su vez, el contexto climático y económico actual.